Alzheimer’s disease is the most common form of dementia in the UK. The term ‘dementia’ refers to a set of symptoms caused by diseases that affect the brain and lead to a loss of nerve cells. It’s this damage to nerve cells that cause the characteristics of dementia, such as: memory loss, poor judgement and confusion.
Although age is a risk factor, dementia is not a natural part of ageing. Some people can develop the condition earlier in life, this is known as early onset dementia. Dementia is a progressive condition and currently there is no cure or treatments that can slow or stop the spread of the associated diseases.
Some recent statistics include:
- 982,000 people are estimated to be living with dementia in the UK.
- It is projected to rise to 1.4 million in 2040.
What are the risk factors and symptoms?
The exact cause is not fully understood, but associated risk factors can include: increasing age, a family history of the condition, untreated depression, lifestyle factors and conditions associated with cardiovascular disease.
Common symptoms of Alzheimer’s disease include:
- Memory loss
- Difficulties with concentration
- Trouble completing routine daily tasks
- Struggling to follow conversations
- Confusion
- Changes in mood
Are there any preventative measures?
Although we currently don’t know how to prevent Alzheimer’s disease, there are healthy lifestyle habits you
can adopt to help reduce your risk:
- Reduce your risk of cardiovascular disease – this includes stopping smoking, limiting alcohol, eating a balanced diet and regular exercise.
- Keeping mentally and socially active – some evidence suggests rates of dementia are lower in those that remain mentally and socially active.
If you’re worried and think you may have symptoms it’s best to see your GP. It’s worth highlighting that memory problems can be caused by a range of other conditions too, such as stress, medicines or hormonal disturbances.
Further support
NHS – Signs and symptoms of Alzheimer’s disease
Alzheimer’s Research UK
Alzheimer’s Society – Support services
Dementia UK – Specialist dementia nursing charity that supports the whole family
Ref: WPW0196 this information was updated October 2024.
